praefectus urbi (pri-fek-t[schwa]s [schwa]r-bI). [Latin “prefect of the city”] Roman law. A senator charged with keeping law and order in the city of Rome. • This duty originated in the early Empire. The praefectus had both criminal and civil jurisdiction; the latter was gradually taken over from the praetor, although the praefectus’s civil jurisdiction was […]
praefectus urbi 〈拉〉古罗马城司法官；古罗马城裁判官 从奥古斯都〔Augustus〕时起负责城市和城市治安的官员，其管辖权限及于罗马城周围100英里，并有权对民事和刑事案件作出裁决。作为皇帝的代表，逐步取得原属罗马裁判官〔praetor urbanus〕的权力。
praefectus vigilum (pri-fek-t[schwa]s vi-jil-[schwa]m). [Latin “prefect of the watch”] Roman law. An officer, immediately subordinate to the praefectus urbi, with police and fire-prevention duties. • This officer had the authority to punish offenses relating to the public peace. See PRAEFECTUS URBI.
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